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A smart contract is a self-executing contract written in the form of code and runs on the blockchain. It can realize automatic execution of transactions and business logic without the need for third-party intervention. The execution of smart contracts relies on Specific programming languages, these languages are called smart contract languages. Different blockchain platforms and smart contract platforms support different smart contract languages. For cryptocurrency investors, what are the smart contract languages to know? It is also very important because it will directly affect investors’ ability to trade on the blockchain and participate in various DeFi projects. The editor will introduce this issue to you in detail below.

 What are the smart contract languages?

A smart contract is a computer program that automatically executes actions based on the terms of a contract, without a middleman. Common smart contract languages include Rust and Solidity
, JavaScript, Yul and Vyper 5 types, the following is a detailed introduction:

1.Rust

Rust is a low-level statically typed programming language that is fast and memory efficient --
In an industry where scalability is non-negotiable, Rust has found a home as a language. Rust is a relatively new programming language that offers tremendous power while retaining a combination of simplicity, memory efficiency, reliability, and complexity.

2.Solidity

Solidity is an object-oriented and statically typed programming language designed to let developers create smart contracts. Solidity was designed based on existing programming languages such as C++, Python, and JavaScript, so it uses similar language constructs from these languages, most likely to make it easy for developers to adopt.

3. JavaScript

JavaScript is a general-purpose programming language that has found its place in the blockchain space. Since JavaScript is an entry-level language, most blockchains tend to create a JavaScript wrapper or library to enable developers to easily jump into the ecosystem and start building amazing products as quickly as possible.

4.Yul

Yul is an intermediate programming language that is compiled into bytecode and used to solve the needs of different backends. The Solidity compiler has an experimental implementation using Yul as the intermediate language. Yul is used in standalone mode and inline assembly within Solidity. Yul plans to support EVM and ewasm (Ethereum-flavored WebAssembly). It is designed to be a usable common denominator for both platforms. Yul is a great target for high-level optimization stages that can benefit EVM and ewasm platforms alike.

5. Vyper

Vyper is a contract-oriented Python-like programming language targeting the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). It has specific contract features such as event notifiers for listeners, custom global variables, and global constants. Vyper was built to address security issues present in Solidity. It was developed to complement Solidity, not replace it. Vyper is intentionally less feature-rich than Solidity to make contracts safer and easier to audit; therefore, it does not support modifiers, inheritance, inline assembly, function and operator overloading, recursive calls, infinitely long loops, and binary fixed points.

 What are the characteristics of smart contract language?

The main features of smart contract language include security, determinism, statelessness, support for encryption, decentralization, transparency, developer friendliness, and cross-platform. The following is an introduction to the features of smart contract language:

1. Security: Smart contract language focuses on security, because smart contracts are immutable when running on the blockchain and cannot be changed once deployed. Therefore, smart contract languages are designed with strict security mechanisms to prevent potential vulnerabilities and attacks

2. Deterministic parts: The execution of smart contract language is deterministic, that is, under the same input conditions, the execution results of the smart contract are the same, which helps ensure the reliability and predictability of the contract.

3. Stateless: Smart contract languages are usually stateless, that is, the execution result of the contract does not depend on the past state, but only depends on the current input and state.

4. Support encryption: Smart contract languages usually have built-in encryption functions and algorithms to support cryptocurrency transactions and secure communication.

5. Resource limitations: Smart contract languages are usually designed to limit the use of resources, such as computing resources, storage space and network bandwidth, to prevent the abuse of malicious code.

6. Decentralization: The smart contract language is designed for execution on a decentralized network, emphasizing the automation and trustless execution of contracts.

7. Transparency: The code of smart contract language is usually public, allowing everyone to view and review the code of the contract, increasing the transparency and fairness of the contract.

8. Developer-friendly: The smart contract language strives to be concise, easy to understand, and developer-friendly to encourage more developers to participate in the writing and innovation of smart contracts.

9. Cross-platform: Smart contract languages are usually cross-platform, allowing smart contracts to be written and deployed on different blockchain platforms.

All the above content is an introduction to the inventory of smart contract languages. Smart contracts are an important application of blockchain technology, bringing more efficient, secure and transparent solutions to various scenarios. Therefore, the smart contract language should have sufficient programmability to meet various complex business logic and transactions. Demand, programmability allows developers to implement complex conditional judgments, loops and calculations in smart contracts, thereby achieving more flexible and feature-rich contracts. In addition, as an investor, you should also pay attention to and understand the latest developments in smart contract languages. , to keep up with the continuous evolution of technology and provide more powerful support for your investment decisions.